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Basic answer...........rpm.
As withany engine the simple answer to power is the amount fo air you can precess per unit of time, usually a minute fo example.
A 6ltr engine make more power than a 2ltr engine at the same rpm simply because its processing more air in the same amount of time. So, if ou increased the 2ltrs rpm by a multiple of 3 it would be making the same power as the 6ltr. However this is making a very simple rule and istaking out the effect of VE (volumetric efficiency) which changes with rpm.
The cars int eh S1600 class are lmited to a restricted capacity, so the only way to process more air and make more power is to increase the efficient working rpm of th engine. Thats why they are screaming about all the time, they need rpm to make the power. However, the natural tradeoff with the IC engine design is that if you make for a high % VE at low rpm you cant have a high VE at high rpm, and vice versa, high rpm high VE %ages will lead to low rpm low VE %ages, which is why revy engines feel peaky and lack torque at low rpm.
WHen the S1600s forst cam out they had the option of quad throttle bodies limited to 40mm max diameter per body. Only the saxo ran this configuration and everybody else ran the single 60mm TB and plenham configuration. So, loeb won in the saxo faily easily. Now they are all forced to run the 60mm single TB and plenham route. And ofcourse they have all head work dont to improve cylinder hea flow, wildercams, different injection systems, stronger steel cranks, rods and pistons to cope with the increased rpm and added stresses associated with higher piston speeds, etc etc etc.
Ultimately peak power is dictated by the amount of inlet valve are you have to work with, the more you have the more power you can make irrespective of rpm, cost etc etc. F1 cars run such short strokes to get as large a bore and as large an inlet valve, thus inlet valve area into their engines.
