what did you sand with?
if im honest, once rust has started you cant get rid of it unless you cut out a section or if its just surface rust grind it all away. sanding and filling just delays the inevitable of more rust.
how bad isit? if it aint bad then grind it all back to shiny bare metal with a grinder, then fill over that. if theres any holes then grind out all the rust then fibreglass it and fill.
you can use "rust treatment" stuff but tbh it dont do bugger all.