Impossible to say without knowing how the Renault ecu uses the data. I'm just going by what others have said on here and also given that many people code out/disable the post cat lambda without any running issues.
It would be understandable for Renault to adjust fueling to achieve best post cat emissions however I would strongly suggest that it is the pre cat lambda which will have the biggest influence over immediate/short term fuel trims and probably have the larger allowable trim tolerance.
In my own personal experience, my primary cat lambda failed (totally open circuit, sensor rattling lots) the car would not immediately flag an EML and the EML reset with ignition on/off. With a cold engine 30s-2mins after start the car would bog down terribly, missfire a little and do nothing, Felt exactly as if the throttle had been closed.
I can only guess that this was the ecu trying to apply wrong trim values to the fuel table based on totally incorrect data from the primary lambda sensor. After a few moments the engine would return to normal as the new 'corrections' were ignored. In this instance I do not think the post cat lambda (which was working fine) had any influence over the fuel table, it may have been used to detect the non plausible values given by the primary lambda though. However my stored codes also included a misfire which again can be detected using various methods.
This fits with other cars which I have owned and also the settings which I have used for closed loop fueling in after-market ecus. The lambda values are nearly always ignored until a preset coolant temperature, hence my car starting as normal and taking a little time to bog down.
Its an interesting subject, the answer would I'm sure help lots of people and comes down to what Renault are doing with the data from the post cat lambda, ie using it for fuel correction or just using it as a cat health check.